Chapter 4 American Life In The Seventeenth Century Answer Key

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• [DOWNLOAD] Chapter 4 American Life In The Seventeenth Century Answer Key

  Over time, as the tobacco industry grew, more and more workers were needed. The indentured servants were a perfect fit for the job considering that Indians died too quickly and African slaves were too expensive. Who is most to blame for Bacon's...

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• [FREE] Chapter 4 American Life In The Seventeenth Century Answer Key | new!

  Race would start becoming an issue by the end of the seventeenth century, when rights were established that clearly differentiated the African slaves with the whites. Describe slave culture and contributions. Slaves brought a very unique culture to...

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• 4. Colonial Society

  The social classes consisted of planters at the top, then the small farmers, then the landless whites mostly former indentured servants , and lastly the African slaves on the bottom. What was it like to be a woman in New England? In New England, the society was based on large families meaning a wife would always be producing offspring. The lives of women consisted of taking care of and raising their children along with the usual household chores of cooking, cleaning, etc. Explain the significance of New England towns to the culture there. The New England towns were important because they established a tight-knit community of people. Larger towns with over fifty families were forced to have elementary education and this would increase the literacy rate and education for future generations.

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• Chapter 17 Lesson 3 Guided Reading Answers

  What evidence shows that New England was becoming more diverse as the 17th century wore on? As the 17th century wore on, the Half-Way Covenant was established in New England to regulate religious conversions as the colony spread. New England also went through the Salem Witch Trials which would be never forgotten events that happened in the colony. How did the environment shape the culture of New England? Due to the poor quality of soil, New England was less diverse than the southern colonies. Climate also had an important roll in this as well, with extremely hot summers and extremely cold winters also disinteresting immigrants. How much equality was evident in the colonies?

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• American History Quizlet Chapter 1

  Men, women, and children all had similar roles in each of the colonies; men would do the hard work, women would do household chores and raise their children, and the children would help out both of them. American Spirit Notes: A Servant Girl Pays the Wages of Sin: This shows how many strict laws the indentured servants had to follow and the little freedom they had to do anything. A simple mistake cost the servant girl do double time of work. The Governor Upholds the Law: This statement of Berkeley's shows how important it was to him to have a good image to his people and the King, regarding the circumstances of the rebellion. This also tells us that even though Berkeley tried pardoning Bacon, that he refused and decided to go off on his own. Slavery is Justified: This shows how some people questioned slavery because of religious ties, wondering if this was right to do. Some people didn't like the idea at all, but they didn't really have a choice.

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• Chapter 4: American Life In The Seventeenth Century

  At the same time, Virginia would not be able to function without the slaves and that became evident to most people who accepted slavery. This enforced even harsher laws on the slaves and precented them from going to Florida with the Spanish. Slaves were no longer able to receive payment or education for about ten years. The Salem Witchcraft Hysteria: This shows just how non-credible trials in colonial America could be, considering the absurdness of the witch accusations. The events that occurred during the Salem Witch Hunt were strange coincidences that had a major effect on New England.

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• Apush Chapter 20 Quizlet Brinkley

  Class Notes: Chesapeake Colonies Virginia, Maryland, Delaware Lots or disease Families were few and fragile, men outnumbered women By , Virginia was the most populous colony Tobacco Economy As prices dropped, production increased which created demand for more labor Indentured servants "Headright" system: whoever paid the passage of a laborer received the right to acquire 50 acres of land Weren't many families coming to the colonies and plantations Problems Arise Impoverished freemen of Virginia were disfranchised Governor William Berkley believed poor people should be excluded Bacon's Rebellion Rebellion of indentured servants against Berkley Mad at Berkley because he has been friendly to Indians who have attacked the frontiersmen Results Ignited the smoldering unhappiness of landless former servants against the gentry Planters looked for less troublesome source of labor; slaves Colonial Slavery Most slaves.

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• 3. British North America

  Expansion of the Colonies: — Search for: Conclusion: Growth and Development of the Colonies Conclusion: Growth and Development of the Colonies The 17th and 18th centuries saw the unprecedented expansion of English power in North America, changing the landscape of the New World forever. Learning Objectives Summarize how the colonies developed over the 17th and 18th centuries Key Takeaways Key Points At the start of the 17th century, the English had not established a permanent settlement in the Americas; over the next century, however, they outpaced their French, Spanish, and Dutch rivals. Thousands of early English migrants arrived in the Chesapeake Bay colonies to work in the tobacco fields, while another stream of pious Puritan families established colonies throughout New England. As Europeans moved beyond exploration and into colonization of the Americas, they brought changes to virtually every aspect of the land and its people, from trade and hunting to warfare and disease.

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• Nature And Desire In Seventeenth-Century Puritanism

  English Presence in the Americas At the start of the 17th century, the English had not established a permanent settlement in the Americas. Over the next century, however, they outpaced their rivals. The English encouraged emigration far more than the Spanish, French, or Dutch. They established nearly a dozen colonies, sending swarms of immigrants to populate the land. England had experienced a dramatic rise in population in the 16th century, and the colonies appeared a welcoming place for those who faced overcrowding and grinding poverty at home. Thousands of English migrants arrived in the Chesapeake Bay colonies of Virginia and Maryland to work in the tobacco fields. Another stream, this one of pious Puritan families, sought to live as they believed scripture demanded and established the Plymouth, Massachusetts Bay, New Haven, Connecticut, and Rhode Island colonies of New England. Jamestown and Plymouth After Roanoke Colony failed in , the English found more success with the founding of Jamestown in and Plymouth in The two colonies were very different in origin.

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• Chapter 4: American Life In The Seventeenth Century: 1607-1692 Flashcards Preview

  The Virginia Company of London founded Jamestown with the express purpose of making money for its investors, while Puritans founded Plymouth to practice their own brand of Protestantism without interference. Both colonies battled difficult circumstances, including conflict with neighboring American Indian tribes as they invaded into their land. Colonial Growth and Expansion The 18th century witnessed the birth of Great Britain after the union of England and Scotland in and the expansion of the British Empire. In the early s, the population in the colonies had reached ,; by , over a million British migrants and African slaves had established a near-continuous zone of settlement on the Atlantic coast from Maine to Georgia. By the midth century, the 13 original New England, Middle, Chesapeake, and Southern colonies had all been established. Each of these colonies added immensely to the empire, supplying goods not produced in England, such as rice and indigo.

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• American History Ch 4 Questions Quizlet

  These new colonies also contributed to the rise in population in English America as many thousands of Europeans made their way to the colonies. Their numbers were further augmented by the forced migration of African slaves. Effects of Colonization As Europeans moved beyond exploration and into colonization of the Americas, they brought changes to virtually every aspect of the land and its people, from trade and hunting to warfare and personal property. European goods, ideas, and diseases shaped the changing continent. As Europeans established their colonies, their societies also became segmented and divided along religious and racial lines.

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• Chapter 5: Colonial Society On The Eve Of Revolution, 1700-1775

  Most people in these societies were not free; they labored as indentured servants or slaves, doing the work required to produce wealth for others. By , the American continent had become a place of stark contrasts between slavery and freedom and between the haves and the have-nots. Slaves in the tobacco colonies: In this painting by an unknown artist, slaves work in tobacco-drying sheds. The development of the Atlantic slave trade forever changed the course of European settlement in the Americas. Other transatlantic travelers, including diseases, goods, plants, animals, and even ideas like the concept of private land ownership, further influenced life in America during the 16th and 17th centuries.

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• Statistics Chapter 4 Quizlet

  The exchange of pelts for European goods including copper kettles, knives, and guns played a significant role in changing the material cultures of American Indian peoples. During the 17th century, many American Indians tribes grew increasingly dependent on European trade items; at the same time, death from the introduction of European diseases was widespread and devastated their populations. Provided by: Boundless.

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• Apush Period 3 Dbq Prompts

  Reference Material I. Introduction Whether they came as servants, enslaved laborers, free farmers, religious refugees, or powerful planters, the men and women of the American colonies created new worlds. Native Americans saw fledgling settlements grow into unstoppable beachheads of vast new populations that increasingly monopolized resources and remade the land into something else entirely. Meanwhile, as colonial societies developed in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, fluid labor arrangements and racial categories solidified into the race-based, chattel slavery that increasingly defined the economy of the British Empire. The North American mainland originally occupied a small and marginal place in that broad empire, as even the output of its most prosperous colonies paled before the tremendous wealth of Caribbean sugar islands. And yet the colonial backwaters on the North American mainland, ignored by many imperial officials, were nevertheless deeply tied into these larger Atlantic networks.

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• Apush Summary Notes

  A new and increasingly complex Atlantic World connected the continents of Europe, Africa, and the Americas. Events across the ocean continued to influence the lives of American colonists. Civil war, religious conflict, and nation building transformed seventeenth-century Britain and remade societies on both sides of the ocean. At the same time, colonial settlements grew and matured, developing into powerful societies capable of warring against Native Americans and subduing internal upheaval. Patterns and systems established during the colonial era would continue to shape American society for centuries.

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• The American Pageant, 12th Edition Textbook Notes

  And none, perhaps, would be as brutal and destructive as the institution of slavery. He met enslaved Africans ravaged by the Middle Passage, Native Americans traveling south to enslave enemy villages, and colonists terrified of invasions from French Louisiana and Spanish Florida. Slavery and death surrounded him. New laws gave legal sanction to the enslavement of people of African descent for life. The permanent deprivation of freedom and the separate legal status of enslaved Africans facilitated the maintenance of strict racial barriers. Skin color became more than a superficial difference; it became the marker of a transcendent, all-encompassing division between two distinct peoples, two races, white and Black.

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• 7 Enlightenment & Great Awakening

  Wars offered the most common means for colonists to acquire enslaved Native Americans. Seventeenth-century European legal thought held that enslaving prisoners of war was not only legal but more merciful than killing the captives outright. Hundreds of Native Americans were bound and shipped into slavery. The New England colonists also tried to send enslaved Native Americans to Barbados, but the Barbados Assembly refused to import them for fear they would encourage rebellion. Some wars emerged from contests between Native Americans and colonists for land, while others were manufactured as pretenses for acquiring captives. Some were not wars at all but merely illegal raids performed by slave traders.

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• Chapter 4: American Life In Seventeenth Century, 1607-1692

  Historians estimate that between 24, and 51, Native Americans were forced into slavery throughout the southern colonies between and Many of the English colonists who wished to claim land in frontier territories were threatened by the violence inherent in the Native American slave trade. By the eighteenth century, colonial governments often discouraged the practice, although it never ceased entirely as long as slavery was, in general, a legal institution. Enslaved Native Americans died quickly, mostly from disease, but others were murdered or died from starvation. The demands of growing plantation economies required a more reliable labor force, and the transatlantic slave trade provided such a workforce.

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• 3. British North America | THE AMERICAN YAWP

  European slavers transported millions of Africans across the ocean in a terrifying journey known as the Middle Passage. Writing at the end of the eighteenth century, Olaudah Equiano recalled the fearsomeness of the crew, the filth and gloom of the hold, the inadequate provisions allotted for the captives, and the desperation that drove some enslaved people to suicide. Equiano claimed to have been born in Igboland in modern-day Nigeria, but he may have been born in colonial South Carolina, where he collected memories of the Middle Passage from African-born enslaved people. In the same time period, Alexander Falconbridge, a slave ship surgeon, described the sufferings of enslaved Africans from shipboard infections and close quarters in the hold.

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• Chapter 04 - American Life In The Seventeenth Century, | CourseNotes

  Chained in small spaces in the hold, enslaved people could lose so much skin and flesh from chafing against metal and timber that their bones protruded. Other sources detailed rapes, whippings, and diseases like smallpox and conjunctivitis aboard slave ships. For the captains and crews of slave ships, the Middle Passage was one leg in the maritime trade in sugar and other semifinished American goods, manufactured European commodities, and enslaved Africans. For the enslaved Africans, the Middle Passage was the middle leg of three distinct journeys from Africa to the Americas. First was an overland journey in Africa to a coastal slave-trading factory, often a trek of hundreds of miles. Second—and middle—was an oceanic trip lasting from one to six months in a slaver. Slave ships transported 11—12 million Africans to destinations in North and South America, but it was not until the end of the 18th century that any regulation was introduced.

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• THE DIVERGING CULTURES OF THE NEW ENGLAND AND CHESAPEAKE COLONIES

  The Brookes print dates to after the Regulated Slave Trade Act of , but still shows enslaved Africans chained in rows using iron leg shackles. The slave ship Brookes was allowed to carry up to enslaved people, allotting 6 feet 1. Stowage of the British slave ship Brookes under the regulated slave trade act of , The impact of the Middle Passage on the cultures of the Americas remains evident today. Many foods associated with Africans, such as cassava, were originally imported to West Africa as part of the slave trade and were then adopted by African cooks before being brought to the Americas, where they are still consumed. West African rhythms and melodies live in new forms today in music as varied as religious spirituals and synthesized drumbeats.

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• Chapter 4: American Life In The Seventeenth Century, 1607-1692

  African influences appear in the basket making and language of the Gullah people on the Carolina coastal islands. Southern European trading empires like the Catalans and Aragonese were brought into contact with a Levantine commerce in sugar and enslaved laborers in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. Europeans made the first steps toward an Atlantic slave trade in the s when Portuguese sailors landed in West Africa in search of gold, spices, and allies against the Muslims who dominated Mediterranean trade.

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• Chapter 04 - American Life In The 17th Century 1607-1692

  Beginning in the s, ship captains carried enslaved Africans to Portugal. These Africans were valued primarily as domestic servants, as peasants provided the primary agricultural labor force in Western Europe. Portuguese, Dutch, and English ships became the conduits for Africans forced to America. The western coast of Africa, the Gulf of Guinea, and the west-central coast were the sources of African captives.

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• APUSH Chapter 4: American Life In The Seventeenth Century Quiz - Quizizz

  Wars of expansion and raiding parties produced captives who could be sold in coastal factories. African slave traders bartered for European finished goods such as beads, cloth, rum, firearms, and metal wares. The first trading post built on the Gulf of Guinea and the oldest European building southern of the Sahara, Elmina Castle was established as a trade settlement by the Portuguese in the fifteenth century. The fort became one of the largest and most important markets for enslaved Africans along the Atlantic slave trade. Slavers often landed in the British West Indies, where enslaved laborers were seasoned in places like Barbados. Charleston, South Carolina, became the leading entry point for the slave trade on the mainland.

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• Chapter 2 The American Revolution Answers

  Augustine as a response. In the Spanish king issued the Decree of Sanctuary, which granted freedom to enslaved people fleeing the English colonies if they converted to Catholicism and swore an oath of loyalty to Spain. About , Africans landed in British North America, a relatively small portion of the eleven to twelve million victims of the trade. Enslaved African women also bore more children than their counterparts in the Caribbean or South America, facilitating the natural reproduction of enslaved people on the North American continent. Most fundamentally, the emergence of modern notions of race was closely related to the colonization of the Americas and the slave trade.

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• Chapter 8: America Secedes From The Empire, 1775-1783

  The modern idea of race as an inherited physical difference most often skin color that is used to support systems of oppression was new in the early modern Atlantic world. In the early years of slavery, especially in the South, the distinction between indentured servants and enslaved people was initially unclear. There was no similar tax levied on white women; the law was an attempt to distinguish white women from African women. The English ideal was to have enough hired hands and servants working on a farm so that wives and daughters did not have to partake in manual labor.

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• Chapter 3: Settling The Northern Colonies, 1619-1700

  Instead, white women were expected to labor in dairy sheds, small gardens, and kitchens. Of course, because of the labor shortage in early America, white women did participate in field labor. But this idealized gendered division of labor contributed to the English conceiving of themselves as better than other groups who did not divide labor in this fashion, including the West Africans arriving in slave ships to the colonies.

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• Notes: Give Me Liberty! An American History: Chapter 3 - HubPages

  For many white colonists, the association of a gendered division of labor with Englishness provided a further justification for the enslavement and subordination of Africans. Ideas about the rule of the household were informed by legal and customary understandings of marriage and the home in England. In contrast, enslaved people were not legally masters of a household and were therefore subject to the authority of the white enslaver. Marriages between enslaved people were not recognized in colonial law. These husbands and wives had to travel miles at a time, typically only once a week on Sundays, to visit their spouses. Legal or religious authority did not protect these marriages, and enslavers could refuse to let their enslaved laborers visit a spouse, or even sell an enslaved person to a new enslaver hundreds of miles away from their spouse and children.

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• American Yawp Chapter 4 Quiz Answers

  Within the patriarchal and exploitative colonial environment, enslaved men and women struggled to establish families and communities. Turmoil in Britain Religious conflict plagued sixteenth-century England. While Spain plundered the New World and built an empire, Catholic and Protestant English monarchs vied for supremacy and attacked their opponents as heretics. Queen Elizabeth cemented Protestantism as the official religion of the realm, but questions endured as to what kind of Protestantism would hold sway. By the s, political and economic conflicts between Parliament and the Crown merged with long-simmering religious tensions, made worse by a king who seemed sympathetic to Catholicism.

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• 2. Colliding Cultures

  The result was a bloody civil war. Colonists reacted in a variety of ways as England waged war on itself, but all were affected by these decades of turmoil. Between and the absolute rule of Charles I caused considerable friction between the English Parliament and the king. Conflict erupted in when a Parliament called by Charles refused to grant him subsidies to suppress a rebellion in Scotland. The Irish rebelled the following year, and by strained relations between Charles and Parliament led to civil war in England.

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• Notes: Give Me Liberty! An American History: Chapter 3

  In , no permanent British North American colony was more than thirty-five years old. The Crown and various proprietors controlled most of the colonies, but settlers from Barbados to Maine enjoyed a great deal of independence. Trade in tobacco and naval stores tied the colonies to England economically, as did religion and political culture, but in general the English government left the colonies to their own devices.

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• Nature And Desire In Seventeenth-Century Puritanism - Oxford Scholarship

  The English Revolution of the s forced settlers in America to reconsider their place within the empire. Older colonies like Virginia and proprietary colonies like Maryland sympathized with the Crown. Newer colonies like Massachusetts Bay, populated by religious dissenters taking part in the Great Migration of the s, tended to favor Parliament. Yet during the war the colonies remained neutral, fearing that support for either side could involve them in war. Even Massachusetts Bay, which nurtured ties to radical Protestants in Parliament, remained neutral. King Charles I, pictured with the blue sash of the Order of the Garter, listens to his commanders detail the strategy for what would be the first pitched battle of the First English Civil War.

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• Chapter 4: American Life In The 17th Century - APUSH

  As all previous constitutional compromises between King Charles and Parliament had broken down, both sides raised large armies in the hopes of forcing the other side to concede their position. The Battle of Edgehill ended with no clear winner, leading to a prolonged war of over four years and an even longer series of wars known generally as the English Civil War that eventually established the Commonwealth of England in Parliament sought to bind the colonies more closely to England and prevent other European nations, especially the Dutch, from interfering with its American possessions. England found itself in crisis after the death of Oliver Cromwell in , leading in time to the reestablishment of the monarchy.

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• American Yawp Chapter 4 Quiz Answers

  What conclusions can the class reach after discussing their charts? When discussing slavery remind students that unlike today, slavery didn't need to be justified back then. Slavery was widespread, and taken for granted throughout most of recorded human history. Historian Barbara Fields has observed that "There was no need to justify slavery in a society in which everybody stands in the relationship of inherited subordination to someone else - servant to master, serf to nobleman, vassal to overlord, overlord to kings, and king to King of kings. Once at the site click on "Public Records" and go to "Laws. Students will only need to read the following excerpts from these documents. The document titles listed below are taken directly from the Virtual Jamestown site. They follow the order of the documents listed at each site but omit many of the documents to make the activities listed below more manageable.

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