Tang Dynasty Civil Service Exams

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• [GET] Tang Dynasty Civil Service Exams | HOT!

  The Sui dynasty — adopted this Han system and applied it in a much more systematic way as a method of official recruitment. They also introduced the rule that officials of a prefecture must be appointees of the central government rather than...

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• [DOWNLOAD] Tang Dynasty Civil Service Exams | latest

  After they were held every three years, but only for those who first passed qualifying tests on the local level. During this period no man was allowed to serve in his home district, and officials were rotated in their jobs every three years....

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• Chinese Civil Service

  By the late Tang period, the title of Presented Scholar became a prerequisite for the appointment into higher offices. It did away with the ancient prerequisite of grand families to have their sons automatically appointed to respectable offices. This examination, passed when correctly answering five of ten questions, was so easy in contrast to the other ones that it was said that "with 30 sui of age, a classicist candidate is old, but a candidate for the examination of Presened Scholars is young". The examiner brought up on theme dealt with in the Classics, and the examinee had to quote literally from the original text, yet without commenting on or explaining it. This examination consisted of up to one hundred questions.

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• What Was Imperial China's Civil Service Exam System?

  Whoever passed the middle part was spared the "lower" last one. Graduates of the judicial mingfa , the arithmetical mingsuan , or the clerical mingshu examinations were only employed in specialized agencies. The number of xiucai graduates was extremely low during the Tang period. During the examination, the names of examinees were known to the chief examiners. It was even custom that candidates sent to the chief examiner beforehand showpieces of their literary works, in order to impress him or to attract his attention. The examination of the Ministry of Rites was carried out annually, in the first lunar month see calendar. He had the right to alter the list.

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• Ancient Chinese Civil Service Facts For Kids

  A common principle was that competence was more important than moral conduct. From on the names of examinees were were masked so the examiners did not know who was tested. Unlike the civilian appointees, graduates of the military examination could be directly appointed to a post. Even if it was regularly held, the military examination had a far less prominent status in comparison to the civilian ones.

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• The Confucian Classics & The Civil Service Examinations

  The control of the influential families over careers had not ceased. Song Period The Song dynasty did away with some critical shortcomings of the examination system of the Tang period. All those wishing to become a state official had to undergo the jinshi examination. The participants in the latter were not many, and the jinshi examination became the common gateway in the pursuit of career. The metropolitan examination was organized by the Ministry of Rites and the Department of State Affairs. The date was not fix, but the examination took place in Spring, and also lasted three days. Graduates were then sent to participate in the palace examination. In order to prevent interference into the examination results, it was from on not allowed that examiners hailed from the prefecture where they supervised an examination. The examinees had to use stationery and paper provided by the examiners, all stamped with an official seal.

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• Imperial Examination

  They were placed in individual cells according to their number in a public list of examinees, and marked with their names. They erased any information about the candidate that was written on the paper, and instead gave the set a registrated number. In this way, the examiners would impossibly find out who had written what text, and could not give an edge to any candidate. Participants in the examinations were called candidates or examinees juren.

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• Top Exams 2021

  Once listed as successful graduates, they lost this title and were called jinshi, or with that of their office. The names of graduates of the metropolitan examination were recorded and belonged to the archival documents of the dynasty. Of course, they also had an important place in the family registers of the graduates. The only requirement for participation was education. The number of participants in the palace examination had increased ten times in comparison with the Tang period, not least because the officialdom had also become much larger since. Theoretically, social rise was possible for everyone, and not just members of eminent families. The social status of graduates was at least as high as that of uneducated magnates and rich merchants. The Song court also tried everything to prevent the emergence of court factions consisting of examiners and fellow graduates.

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• Examentop.com

  The tendency to ensure objectivity in a system selecting the best was clearly charted during the Song period. It was an excellent tool to test the abilities of candidates to respond to practical matters of administration and policy. Yet because the range of questions was quite limited, the cewen examination fell into oblivion during the Song period even if it was then and when revived.

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• Scholar-Officials

  The examination in poetry was thus given up after the Southern Song period. In the early years of the dynasty, there were but a dozen of participants, but later on, more than a hundred candidates underwent the metropolitan examination, which took place every three years. It was not allowed for Kitans to participate in an examination, but from about on there were also cases of Kitans choosing this way for career. From on the annual quota of examinees was more than persons, in some years even more than The Mongols deliberated for a long time on the introduction of an examination system, but the first one was carried out as late as , with a cycle of three years. The metropolitan examination was held one year later then the provincial ones to allow the candidates to prepare. The quota was persons, with 25 per social group. The palace examination followed one month after the metropolitan one.

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• The Chinese Imperial Examination System

  The candidates for it were enrolled on two lists, with Mongols and Semuren on the "left", and the two classes of Chinese on the "right" one. All graduates were eligible for official posts. This was quite novel in contrast to the Song period. Mongols and Semuren were obliged to read and write Chinese, but their questions were easier than those for Chinese. The social status of jinshi graduates was, nevertheless, not as high as before. A year later, the frequency was fixed at once every three years, but in the system was again abolished because the emperor preferred a system of recommendation. The examinations were revived ten years later, and in the final shape was fixed. This became custom, leading to the fact that the largest number of careers began in the Hanlin Academy.

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• CHINESE IMPERIAL EXAMS

  Ninety per cent of all Counsellors-in-chief had passed the Academy. Like before, the examination was organized in the three-step mode, beginning with the provincial examinations xiangshi , proceeding to the metropolitan examination huishi and ending with the palace examination tingshi. The provincial examinations were held in the capital of each province. In the early Ming period, only the examiners of the two capital cities were dispatched from the Hanlin Academy.

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• Examinations

  The quota of the provincial examinations was only fixed in , but later changed over time. In the two metropolitan provinces, for instance, it was about persons, in other provinces less than The metropolitan examination was held always a year later than the provincial ones. In case of an extraordinary exam, the metropolitan step was also taken "by grace", a year later. From on there was also an addenda list for participants. The common examiners were in the beginning 8 persons, later 17, and finally Twelve of them hailed from the Hanlin Academy, and 4 from various sections in the Ministry of Rites. The quota of graduates was fixed at in not including those of exams by grace. The participants were arranged according to their place of origin.

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• Chinese Civil Service Examination Essay

  The southern gate had a quota of graduates, the northern one of , and the central one of The palace examination was held on the 1st day later the 15th of the the third lunar month, just after the spring examination. All those who had passed the metropolitan examination, were allowed to participate in the palace exam. Second- and third-rank graduates were then evaluated and the best were appointed bachelors in the Hanlin Academy. The palace examination was presided by the emperor in person, supported by high officials from the Academy, or from the court, who were good in literature. They formulated the questions and evaluated the performance of the examinees. Again three days later, the third session was held, in which five essays were to be compiled on the Classics, historiography, and contemporary affairs. It was regulated which commentaries on the Classics would have to be consulted and quoted.

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• Exams 2021, Tests & Answers

  The length of the essay ranged between and characters, and was fixed from time to time. They consisted but of provincial and metropolitan examinations before only held all six years , but in a military palace examination was introduced. From on the following regulations were issued: In the first session, an archer had to shoot from horseback at a distance of 35 paces. The provincial military exam was held in the same years as the civilian one. The exact dates of the sessions of the provincial and metropolitan examinations were the 9th, the 12th, and the 15th day of the respective month. In , the quota of the metropolitan military exam was fixed at graduates. The first event took place in Yet in practice, candidates studied for themselves, and did not attend classes any more.

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• Living In The Chinese Cosmos | Asia For Educators

  Schools thus became just an annex to the examination system, instead of providing widespread education. Qing Period Immediately after their conquest of Beijing, the Qing dynasty introduced the examination system. It was based on the pattern used during the Ming period, with minor changes. The quota for graduates was 10 persons in prefectures of larger provinces, and 5 for smaller ones.

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• Kids History: Civil Service In Ancient China

  In Ancient China the government was run by the civil service. There were thousands of civil servants throughout the empire who reported in to the Emperor. The top civil servants were ministers who reported directly to the Emperor and worked in the palace. Ministers were wealthy and powerful government officials. Emperor Gaozu knew that he could not run the entire empire by himself. He decided that highly educated ministers and government administrators would help the empire to become strong and organized. Thus began the civil service that would run the Chinese government for over years. Examinations In order to become a civil servant, people had to take tests.

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• [FREE] How Did The Tang Dynasty Use Civil Service Examinations To Improve The Bureaucracy

  The better they did on the tests, the higher position they could get in the civil service. The examinations were very difficult. Many people would study at the imperial university or under tutors for years in order to pass the tests. A lot of the tests covered the philosophy of Confucius and required lots of memorization. Other subjects included the military, mathematics, geography, and calligraphy. Some tests even involved having to write poetry. A copy of an old exam by Unknown There were nine different levels or ranks of civil service. People could move to a higher rank by passing the next level of examinations.

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• CHINESE IMPERIAL EXAMS | Facts And Details

  Only a very few of the brightest subjects were able to rise all the way to rank nine. These men became powerful and wealthy. The rank of an official could be determined by the type of badge they wore on their robe. Each rank had the picture of a different bird on their badge. What did they do? Civil servants helped to run the government. They had various jobs. The highest ranks worked in the palace and reported directly to the empire. These officials would have control over large areas of the empire. Other officials worked in local districts. They would collect taxes, enforce laws, and act as judges. They also kept the local census and often taught or managed local schools. Was it a good job? Working in the civil service was considered an excellent career and one of the most honorable in all of China. Only the rich could afford the education needed to pass the test and only men were allowed to take the tests.

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• Examinations - Society For Anglo-Chinese Understanding (SACU)

  Even so, it is thought that at one point so many people were trying to get into the civil service that the chances of passing and getting a job were about 1 in 3, Interesting Facts A prefect was responsible for a town and its surrounding farms. Prefects were sort of like mayors today. There were various uniforms and ways of determining rank depending on the era or dynasty. These included badges, hats, and necklaces. It is estimated that the number of officials in the civil service was well over , Cheating on the exams was met with harsh penalties including death. The civil service was an effort to establish a meritocracy.

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• Tang Dynasty

  This means that people were promoted due to their "merit" or how well they scored on the exams and not based on their family or wealth. However, most of the officials came from wealthy and powerful families. Activities Take a ten question quiz about this page. Listen to a recorded reading of this page: Your browser does not support the audio element. For more information on the civilization of Ancient China: Overview.

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• Tang Dynasty Civil Service Exams

  The goal of education was to enter into the civil service. The best and richest boys in the country would be educated in order to pass a civil service exam. What was the Chinese civil service? There was a group of people in Ancient China that helped the government and the emperor run the country. The members of this group were chosen with an examination that was extremely hard to pass. The civil service helped the government with its administration. Administration means paper work and the day-to-day running of the country, organising things like taxes and plans. To be in the civil service, you needed to be extremely clever. Education for the civil service To get an education in China in the first place, you had to be rich. However, the civil service entrance was based upon being an excellent scholar. During the reign of Emperor Wudi, an imperial university was founded. During the Sui Dynasty AD , the Sui Emperors would use the civil service examinations to develop civil service members.

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• Civil Service Examination

  They also developed a rule about who could become a member. This rule was that any officials from the civil service could not be related to the emperor or anyone that was born into elite families. In the Tang Dynasty AD , local schools were created so that young scholars could go and study all the classics and the number systems. The best scholars would then go into the jinshi exams. Students were selected based upon their intelligence and not because they were born into a rich family. Therefore, at the end of the Tang Dynasty, the old noblemen, simply born into riches, were more or less wiped out and the most intelligent people were running the country. They also had to rotate their job every three years. Thanks to the civil service, education became very important.

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• Tang Dynasty: C.E. The Civil Service Exam | Sutori

  During which dynasty did you have to work away from home? Answers They helped the government run the country It began during the Han Dynasty You had to pass examinations You had to know the classic texts and be good with numbers You worked away from home during the Qing Dynasty.

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• Imperial Examination - Wikipedia

  A model of exam cells displayed at Beijing Imperial Academy Sui dynasty — [ edit ] The Sui dynasty continued the tradition of recruitment through recommendation but modified it in with the requirement for every prefecture to supply three scholars a year. In , all capital officials of rank five and above were required to make nominations for consideration in several categories. Classicists were tested on the Confucian canon, which was considered an easy task at the time, so those who passed were awarded posts in the lower rungs of officialdom. Cultivated talents were tested on matters of statecraft as well as the Confucian canon. These three categories of examination were the origins of the imperial examination system that would last until Consequently, the year is also considered by many to be the real beginning of the imperial examination system. The Sui dynasty was itself short lived however and the system was not developed further until much later. Schools at the capital still produced students for appointment.

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